Six Sigma
Six Sigma I What is Six Sigma I Introduction to Six Sigma
Six Sigma is a statistic
based, data-driven and disciplined approach with a continuous
improvement
methodology for reducing variation and eliminating defects in a product,
process or service.
It is a Quality management concept.
It is a problem-solving
Methodology.
Six Sigma
implementation is performed by;
DMAIC
Methodology for existing Product, Process or Service.
Six Sigma - DMAIC |
DFSS
Methodology for Designing Product, Process or Service, DFSS is Design for Six
Sigma
Six Sigma Meaning
Six Sigma |
Six (6): It
refers to the number of standard deviations or spread of the process on either
sides of mean (Average).
Sigma (σ): It
is a Greek letter representing statistical unit of measurement that defines the
Standard deviation (i.e. SD) of a population. It is a measure of the variation in
a data set
(readings) collected from the process.
History and Milestones of Six Sigma Journey
Six Sigma - Bill Smith |
- 1986: Six Sigma Approach was first proposed and developed by Bill Smith of Motorola.
- Bill Smith is considered as Father of Six Sigma.
- Change in Defect measurement concept from Percentage to PPM. Which magnifies the things.
- January 1987: Motorola launched a long-term quality programme called Six Sigma Quality Programme.
- 1988: After implementing Six sigma, Motorola was the first organisation to receive Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award. Second time in the year 2002.
- 1992: Allied Signals adopted Six Sigma Approach
- 1995: General Electric adopted Six sigma approach. Even though, Motorola is the founder of Six sigma, General Electric is the company which has proven that Six sigma is an interesting Management Strategy.
- Six Sigma was made popular management approach by Jack Welch at General Electric (GE) in 1990’s.
- 2002: Johnson & Johnson, Ford, Nissan & Honeywell adopted Six sigma approach.
- Hundreds of companies around the world have adopted Six Sigma as a way of doing business.
Goal of Six Sigma Methodology
- Improvement in Process Capability (Variation Reduction)
- Reduction or elimination of defects (Defect Elimination)
- To increase consistency.
- Improvement in the process from its current level.
- Improvement in Process stability.
- Improvement in customer satisfaction.
- Improvement in Profit.
Where to apply Six Sigma Methodology
- It can be applied to all the Processes. (i.e. Manufacturing & Non-manufacturing). It is applicable to all the Industries and sectors.
- Top Players in all the Industrial segments and almost 75% of Fortune 500 companies are driving Six Sigma Initiatives.
- Following companies implemented Six Sigma Methodology in their early Stage.
- Indian Companies: Infosys, Wipro, Tata Consultancy Services etc.
- Global Giants: GE, Motorola, 3M, Bank of America, Boeing, Ford, etc.
Pictorial View to understand Six Sigma concept
Relation of Variation and Standard Deviation
Relation of Sigma Level and Defects (Normal Distribution – centered process)
Six Sigma Level and Defects |
Sigma Metric and defect table (Norma Distribution)
Define
Identify
Opportunities. Define the Problem, Project Statement and Objectives.
Measure
Identify
Outputs. What to improve (Parameters). Measure current Status.
Analyse
Identify
Inputs. Analyse the Process and focus on critical parameters affecting Outputs.
Improve
Optimise
Outputs by Identifying and implementing improvements.
Control
Control Inputs
and Assure that improvement will sustain.
Benefits of Six Sigma Implementation
- Executes strategic changes driven by top management.
- Improves Capability of the Process and Reduces process variation.
- Improves product quality and customer satisfaction.
- Accelerates the rate of improvement.
- Promotes learning across the team and improves employee morale.
- Improves profit of the organisation by reduced defect levels.
- Improves confidence on process and can monitor process performance.
- Can compare performance of two processes.
Six Sigma Belts – Six Sigma Certification
To learn and
digest this methodology, a person shall go through stage wise certifications as
mentioned below;
- Yellow belt
- Green belt
- Black belt
- Master Black belt
There are
courses for White Belts and Champions also, but major certification courses are
as mentioned above.
Champion
Leader of the
Organisation. Decide Projects based on Business Need. Sponsor of the Projects.
Project Identifier. Promoter, supporter and Resource Provider.
Master Black Belt (MBB)
Assistant and
Adviser to Champions. Stay in touch with champions. Understands the
requirements from Champions. Supports BB as Mentor. Bottle Neck Identifier Monitor
and Remover. Teaches and spread expertise about Six Sigma Methodology.
Black Belt (BB)
Full Time
Project Leader. Drives Complex Projects. Supports Green Belts. Trains,
Educates, supports and Guides GB/YB. Stays in touch with Champions and MBB.
Green Belt (GB)
Part Time Team
Leader with additional responsibility of Projects. Drives Less complex Projects. Have Basic
working knowledge for Six Sigma Projects. Focus on Usage of adequate standard
statistical tools.
Yellow Belt (YB)
Support Team
member in Projects. Engaged in Data collection, Process monitoring and
improvement implementation at shop floor level.
Thank You and Happy Learning.
What is Quality
https://parthvirda.blogspot.com/what-is-quality
Quality Assurance vs Quality Control
https://parthvirda.blogspot.com/quality-assurance-vs-quality-control-i
Production Part Approval Process
https://parthvirda.blogspot.com/production-part-approval-process
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Thank You and Happy Learning.
Other similar topics on Blog:
What is Quality
https://parthvirda.blogspot.com/what-is-quality
Quality Assurance vs Quality Control
https://parthvirda.blogspot.com/quality-assurance-vs-quality-control-i
Production Part Approval Process
https://parthvirda.blogspot.com/production-part-approval-process
Other Social Media Links:
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/c/QualityExcellenceHub
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/qualityexcellence.hub
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/parthasarthi-virda-88b6352a/
Pinterest - https://in.pinterest.com/qehub2018
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/p_virda/?hl=en
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